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Forced Labor of POW

 New records on Japanese detainees by the U.S.S.R. after the World War 2 were found at the Russian National MIlitary Archives in Moscow. Japan's MInistry of Welfare and Labor estimates the number of Japanese prisoners at 560,000 and the number of Japanese fatalities at 53,000. With the new records, I hope for research on the forced labor of Japanese citizens by the U.S.S.R. will progress.    Koreans living in Japan used to insist that they had forcedly been brought to Japan. The fact is, however, that they emigrated to Japan illegally. So, they didn't want to return to their homeland after the war. GHQ ordered the Japanese government to return all Koreans to the Korean Peninsula. Especially, MacArthur intended to return all Koreans in Japan. Nevertheless, they protested returning to Korea because they had deserted their miserable life there and had no interest in returning.    After World War 2, many Japanese were taken to Siberia. On August 9th, 1945, the U.S.S.R. invaded Manchuria, violating the Russo-Japanese Nonaggression Pact. Slaughter, plunder and rape by Russian soldiers were rampant there.    On September 2nd, Stalin issued a secret order to capture a half million Japanese who were suitable for forced labor in Siberia. The U.S.S.R. systematically rounded up Japanese citizens.    There wasn't sufficient food in the U.S.S.R. and, to make matters worse, many heads of forced labor camps sold food on the black market. Due to malnutrition and fatigue from forced labor, one-fifth of the Japanese prisoners died by the folloing summer.    In March 1953, Stalin died. The Japanese government started negotiations with the U.S.S.R. for the release of Japanese detainees. November 28th, 1953, the prisoners of war started on their way back to Japan.    We don't learn the historical facts that many Japanese were looted, raped and slaughtered at the end and after World War 2. However, if we hope for peace, we should know how all people, including Japanese, suffered agony from the war.

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